El nuevo rostro de la economía del desarrollo

Resumen

El artículo realiza un análisis de la evolución de la moderna teoría del desarrollo, desde sus orígenes hasta la actualidad. Al efecto, revisa las principales contribuciones del núcleo inicial de la disciplina, reivindicando algunas de sus intuiciones. Así mismo, destaca las nuevas líneas de investigación y el renovado estilo de trabajo intelectual que se abre a partir de la década de 1990. Un estilo que ha permitido un diálogo más activo con otras tradiciones del pensamiento económico, un afán por fundamentar analíticamente sus hipótesis y un mayor esfuerzo por validarlas empíricamente. Con ello se han diluido en parte las fronteras caracterizadoras de la teoría del desarrollo, pero, a cambio, se ha consolidado un dinámico y fecundo campo de investigación en economía aplicada.

Palabras clave:

teoría del desarrollo, trampa de pobreza, rendimientos crecientes, externalidades, evaluación de impacto, sostenibilidad, posdesarrollo, decolonización, decrecimiento

Citas

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