Contract Enforcement and Migration

Resumen

Este artículo analiza cómo una mayor ejecución transfronteriza de contratos afecta la migración internacional. Utilizamos la ratificación de la Convención de Nueva York como indicador de una mejor ejecución de laudos arbitrales extranjeros. Con datos bilaterales de migración para 1946-2011 y modelos Poisson, encontramos que la ratificación incrementa significativamente las entradas migratorias, especialmente entre las mujeres. En los hombres, el efecto solo aparece en países en desarrollo. En las mujeres, es positivo tanto en países desarrollados como en desarrollo, y más fuerte en estos últimos. En conjunto, las instituciones de ejecución contractual desempeñan un papel importante en la configuración de los flujos migratorios.

Palabras clave:

arbitraje internacional, migración, calidad institucional, Convención de Nueva York

Citas

Acemoglu, D., & Johnson, S. (2005). Unbundling institutions. Journal of Political Economy, 113(5), 949-995. https://doi.org/10.1086/432166

Ahlquist, J. S., & Prakash, A. (2010). FDI and the costs of contract enforcement in developing countries. Policy Sciences, 43(2), 181-200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-009-9093-3

Anderson, J. E., & Marcouiller, D. (2002). Insecurity and the pattern of trade: An empirical investigation. Review of Economics and Statistics, 84(2), 342-352.

Antràs, P. (2003). Firms, contracts, and trade structure. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118(4), 1375-1418. https://doi.org/10.1162/003355303322552829

Arif, I. (2020). The determinants of international migration: Unbundling the role of economics, political and social institutions. The World Economy, 43(6), 1699-1729.

Ariu, A., Docquier, F., & Squicciarini, M. P. (2016). Governance quality and net migration flows. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 60, 238-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2016.07.006

Artuc, E., Docquier, F., Özden, C., & Parsons, C. (2015). A global assessment of human capital mobility: The role of non-OECD destinations. World Development, 65, 6-26.

Ashby, N. J. (2010). Freedom and international migration. Southern Economic Journal, 77(1), 49-62. https://doi.org/10.4284/sej.2010.77.1.49

Aslany, M., Carling, J., Mjelva, M., & Sommerfelt, T. (2021). Systematic review of determinants of migration aspirations. QuantMig Project Deliverable, D2.2. University of Southampton.

Bauloz, C., Vathi, Z., & Acosta, D. (2019). Migration, inclusion and social cohesion: Challenges, recent developments and opportunities. In International Organization for Migration (Ed.), World Migration Report 2020 (Chapter 6). International Organization for Migration. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/wmr_2020_en_ch_6.pdf

Beine, M., Bertoli, S., & Fernández-Huertas Moraga, J. (2016). A practitioners’ guide to gravity models of international migration. The World Economy, 39(4), 496-512.

Belot, M. V. K., & Hatton, T. J. (2012). Immigrant selection in the OECD. The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 114(4), 1105-1128. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9442.2012.01721.x

Benería, L., Deere, C. D., & Kabeer, N. (2012). Gender and international migration: Globalization, development, and governance. Feminist Economics, 18(2), 1-33.

Bergh, A., Mirkina, I., & Nilsson, T. (2015). Pushed by poverty or by institutions? Determinants of global migration flows (IFN Working Paper No. 1077). Research Institute of Industrial Economics.

Berkowitz, D., Moenius, J., & Pistor, K. (2006). Trade, law, and product complexity. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 88(2), 363-373.

Brunow, S., Nijkamp, P., & Poot, J. (2015). The impact of international migration on economic growth in the global economy. In B. R. Chiswick & P. W. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of the economics of international migration: The impact, 1B (pp. 1027-1075). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53768-3.00019-9

Carril-Caccia, F., Cuadros, A., & Paniagua, J. (2024). Mind the gaps: Gender complementarities in migration and FDI (Working Paper No. 2402). Department of Applied Economics II, Universidad de Valencia.

Casella, A. (1996). On market integration and the development of institutions: The case of international commercial arbitration. European Economic Review, 40(1), 155-186.

Cooray, A., & Schneider, F. (2016). Does corruption promote emigration? An empirical examination. Journal of Population Economics, 29(1), 293-310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-015-0563-y

Cuadros, A., Martín-Montaner, J., & Paniagua, J. (2016). Homeward bound FDI: Are migrants a bridge over troubled finance? Economic Modelling, 58, 454-465.

Cuadros, A., Martín-Montaner, J., & Paniagua, J. (2019). Migration and FDI: The role of job skills. International Review of Economics and Finance, 59, 318-332.

Cuadros, A., Navas, A., & Paniagua, J. (2022). Moving ideas across borders: Foreign inventors, patents and FDI. The World Economy, 45(12), 3652-3678.

Curran, S. R., & Rivero-Fuentes, E. (2003). Engendering migrant networks: The case of Mexican migration. Demography, 40(2), 289-307.

Docquier, F., Marfouk, A., Salomone, S., & Sekkat, K. (2012). Are skilled women more migratory than skilled men? World Development, 40(2), 251-265.

Docquier, F., & Rapoport, H. (2011). Globalization, brain drain and development (IZA Discussion Paper No. 5590). Institute of Labor Economics. https://ftp.iza.org/dp5590.pdf

Dollar, D., & Kidder, M. (2017). Institutional quality and participation in global value chains. In D. Dollar, S. Inomata, C. Degain, B. Meng, Z. Wang, N. Ahmad, A. Primi, H. Escaith, J. Engel, D. Taglioni, C. Heuser, A. Mattoo, M. Kidder, M. Ruta & J. G. Reis (Eds.), Measuring and analyzing the impact of global value chains on economic development (pp. 161-173). World Trade Organization.

Donato, K. M., Gabaccia, D., Holdaway, J., Manalansan IV, M. F., & Pessar, P. R. (2006). A glass half full? Gender in migration studies. International Migration Review, 40(1), 3-26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2006.00001.x

Foley, C. F., & Kerr, W. R. (2013). Ethnic innovation and US multinational firm activity. Management Science, 59(7), 1529-1544.

Gheasi, M., & Nijkamp, P. (2017). A brief overview of international migration motives and impacts, with specific reference to FDI. Economies, 5(3), 1-11. https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/5/3/31

Gould, D. M. (1994). Immigrant links to the home country: Empirical implications for U.S. bilateral trade flows. Review of Economics and Statistics, 76(2), 302-316.

Hagen-Zanker, J., Carling, J., Caso, N., & Rubio, M. G. (2025). The multi-level determinants of international migration aspirations in 25 communities in Africa, Asia and the Middle East. World Development, 185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106774

Harris, J. R., & Todaro, M. P. (1970). Migration, unemployment and development: A two-sector analysis. American Economic Review, 60(1), 126-142.

ILO. (2024). Recruitment fees and related costs at a glance. International Labour Organization.

ILOSTAT. (2020). Who are the women on the move? A portrait of female migrant workers. International Labour Organization. https://ilostat.ilo.org/who-are-the-women-on-the-move-a-portrait-of-female-migrant-workers/

Javorcik, B. S. (2015). Does foreign direct investment bring good jobs to host countries? The World Bank Research Observer, 30(1), 74-94. https://doi.org/10.1093/wbro/lku010

Javorcik, B. S., Özden, C., Spatareanu, M., & Neagu, C. (2011). Migrant networks and foreign direct investment. Journal of Development Economics, 94(2), 231-241.

Kruse, H., Winkler, D. E., Aguilar Luna, L. A., & Maliszewska, M. (2023). Linking trade to jobs, incomes, and activities: New stylized facts for low- and middle-income countries (Policy Research Working Paper No. 10635). World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-10635

Lee, E. S. (1966). A theory of migration. Demography, 3(1), 47-57. https://doi.org/10.2307/2060063

Levchenko, A. A. (2007). Institutional quality and international trade. The Review of Economic Studies, 74(3), 791-819.

Massey, D. S., Arango, J., Hugo, G., Kouaouci, A., Pellegrino, A., & Taylor, J. E. (1993). Theories of international migration: A review and appraisal. Population and Development Review, 19(3), 431-466. https://doi.org/10.2307/2938462

Moenius, J., & Berkowitz, D. (2011). Law, trade, and development. Journal of Development Economics, 96(2), 451-460.

Myburgh, A., & Paniagua, J. (2016). Does international commercial arbitration promote foreign direct investment? The Journal of Law and Economics, 59(3), 597-627. https://doi.org/10.1086/689188

Naghsh Nejad, M., & Young, A. T. (2016). Want freedom, will travel: Emigrant self-selection according to institutional quality. European Journal of Political Economy, 45(Suppl.), 71-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2016.06.002

Northrup, D. (1995). Indentured labor in the age of imperialism, 1834-1922. Cambridge University Press.

Nunn, N. (2007). Relationship-specificity, incomplete contracts, and the pattern of trade. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122(2), 569-600.

OECD. (2014). Is migration good for the economy? (OECD Migration Policy Debates No. 2). OECD Publishing. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

Santos Silva, J. M. C., & Tenreyro, S. (2006). The log of gravity. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 88(4), 641-658. https://doi.org/10.1162/rest.88.4.641

Stark, O., & Bloom, D. E. (1985). The new economics of labor migration. American Economic Review, 75(2), 173-178.

Todaro, M. P. (1969). A model of labor migration and urban unemployment in less developed countries. American Economic Review, 59(1), 138-148.

World Bank. (2023). World development report 2023: Migrants, refugees, and societies. World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/wdr2023

Zlotnik, H. (1995). The South-to-North migration of women. International Migration Review, 29(1), 229-254. https://doi.org/10.2307/2547003